Bhagavad Gita 2.47

Krishna Musings Kevin Wild Sanskrit
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The second verse given in the Gita Panchamrit, is chapter two, verse 47 (BG:2.47) Chapter two focuses on Sānkhya Yog, or The Yoga of Knowledge. So, lets break down verse seven, and see what this is about. The verse states, in sanskrit. कर्मण्येवाधिकारस्ते मा फलेषु कदाचन । मा कर्मफलहेतुर्भूर्मा ते सङ्गोऽस्त्वकर्मणि ॥ ४७ ॥ With the transliteration: karmaṇy evādhikāras te mā phaleṣu kadācana mā karma-phala-hetur bhūr mā te saṅgo ’stv akarmaṇi Let's break it down word by word.. कर्मणि(karmaṇi): in action, in duties, work एव (eva): only, indeed, certainly अधिकारः(adhikāraḥ): right, entitlement ते (te): you, your मा (mā): not, never फलेषु (phaleṣu): in the fruits (of actions) कदाचन (kadācana): at any time, ever मा (mā): not, never कर्मफल (karma-phala): In the result of the work हेतुः(hetuḥ): Cause भूः (bhūḥ): To be, become, proceed from, arise मा (mā): not, never ते (te): your सङ्गः (saṅgaḥ): attachment, inclination अस्तु (astu): Let it be, be it so अकर्मणि (akarmaṇi): Inaction, non-action (absence of work) A literal translation would read something like: You only have the right to your duties (work) Never the fruits (of actions) at any time Never to be the cause of the results of your work Never let it be attachment to your inaction More generally, this would seem about right: You have a right to perform your prescribed duty, but you are not entitled to the fruits of action. Never consider yourself the cause of the results of your activities, and never be attached to not doing your duty. To better understand this verse, we need ahead a little to BG:3.27 All actions take place in time by the interweaving of the forces (Threefold Gunas) : Sattva, Rajas, and Tamas of Nature. But the man lost in delusion thinks that he is the actor. This is part of the maya, the illusion that we are in control, and we ourselves dictate the outcomes. This theory easily dismissed by anybody who has planned a day at the beach, with a picnic lunch and children playing in the sand. Only for the weather to turn into a tropical storm an wash away our desired fruits. Myself, I find this verse a little challenging without context around it. When considered with BG:2.49 and BG:2.50 wherein it says, use your Buddhi(higher intellect, wisdom) and perform Karma(Action, work, deeds). yoga karmesu koushalam - this poise in action itself is yoga. Your intelligence must be well balanced while you perform your work. In other words, mental tranquility, as we learned from BG:6.5, while dealing with our surroundings without thinking of the end result. BG:2.47 and BG:2.48, when you work without attachments to results, then your past vasanas of bad deeds will get washed away. You mind is conditioned by past karmas and this produces pain and pleasure. One must avoid accumulating vasana of the past and concentrate on the present ordeals by inner poise by invoking grace of The Divine. When we think of attachments, they are not the things that you own. Attachments are the things which own you. Vasanas are the bondage of samsaara. BG:2.47 explains to us how to free ourselves from the bondage of attachments.